What is millimetre?
A millimetre is a metric unit of length equal to one thousandth of a metre. It is used in precision manufacturing, medical imaging, engineering tolerances, and detailed technical specifications.
Real-world uses
Millimetres are essential in precision engineering, machining tolerances, and manufacturing specifications. Rainfall is reported in mm by meteorological services worldwide. Dentists measure cavity depths and orthodontic adjustments in millimetres.
History
Part of the original French metric system from the 1790s. The prefix "milli-" derives from the Latin "mille" meaning thousand, indicating one-thousandth of a metre. It became critical with the rise of precision manufacturing in the Industrial Revolution.
Common mistakes
Confusing millimetres with centimetres when reading rulers—each small division on a metric ruler is 1 mm, not 1 cm. Also, mixing up mm with mils (thousandths of an inch) in engineering contexts.
What is centimetre?
A centimetre is a metric unit of length equal to one hundredth of a metre. It is commonly used for everyday measurements such as clothing sizes, body height, and small object dimensions.
Real-world uses
Centimetres are widely used in clothing measurements, body height in medical records (outside the US), screen sizes in some markets, and school rulers. Tailors and dressmakers rely on centimetre tape measures for precise garment fitting.
History
The centimetre was established as part of the original metric system in the 1790s. It served as the base length unit in the now-superseded CGS (centimetre-gram-second) system used extensively in physics until the mid-20th century.
Common mistakes
Forgetting that there are 2.54 cm in one inch, not 2.5. Also, confusing cm² (area) with cm (length) when specifying material dimensions.
When is this conversion used?
Screen sizes, paper dimensions, and clothing measurements often require converting between centimetres and inches, especially when shopping internationally.
Worked examples
1 millimetre = 0.1 centimetre
1 centimetre = 0.01 metre
How to convert millimetre to centimetre
To convert millimetre to centimetre, multiply the value by 0.1.
To convert centimetre back to millimetre, multiply by 10.
Measurement standards
The metre is one of seven SI base units, maintained by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). Since 2019, it is defined by fixing the numerical value of the speed of light in vacuum to exactly 299,792,458 metres per second.
Did you know?
A human hair is roughly 70 micrometres wide, while a single gold atom measures about 0.144 nanometres in diameter — meaning you could line up nearly half a million atoms across the width of one hair.
Quick reference: millimetre to centimetre
| millimetre | centimetre |
|---|---|
| 0.1 | 0.01 |
| 0.5 | 0.05 |
| 1 | 0.1 |
| 2 | 0.2 |
| 5 | 0.5 |
| 10 | 1 |
| 25 | 2.5 |
| 50 | 5 |
| 100 | 10 |
| 250 | 25 |
| 500 | 50 |
| 1,000 | 100 |
Common values
| millimetre | centimetre | |
|---|---|---|
| Height of a door | 2,100 millimetre | 210 centimetre |
| Basketball court length | 28,000 millimetre | 2,800 centimetre |
| Football field (soccer) | 105,000 millimetre | 10,500 centimetre |
| Marathon distance | 42,195,000 millimetre | 4,219,500 centimetre |
| Altitude of a cruising airplane | 10,668,000 millimetre | 1,066,800 centimetre |