What is inch of mercury?

Inch of mercury (inHg) is a pressure unit representing the pressure exerted by a one-inch column of mercury. It is used in aviation altimetry, barometric pressure readings, and vacuum measurements in the United States.

Real-world uses

Inches of mercury are used in US aviation for altimeter settings (standard is 29.92 inHg), weather reporting on American TV broadcasts, and HVAC system vacuum measurements. American barometers are traditionally scaled in inHg.

History

Inches of mercury originate from the mercury barometer invented by Torricelli in 1644. The use of inches (rather than millimetres) reflects the Imperial measurement tradition. US aviation adopted inHg for altimeter settings, while most other countries use hPa.

Common mistakes

Confusing inches of mercury with millimetres of mercury—29.92 inHg = 760 mmHg = 1 atm. Also, assuming the conversion from inHg to psi is simple; 1 inHg ≈ 0.491 psi, not a round number.

What is millibar?

A millibar is a pressure unit equal to one thousandth of a bar. It is the standard unit for atmospheric pressure in meteorology and weather forecasting, particularly in aviation and marine contexts.

Real-world uses

Millibars are the traditional unit in meteorology for reporting atmospheric pressure, particularly in weather maps and hurricane tracking. Standard atmospheric pressure is 1013.25 mbar, and tropical cyclones can have central pressures below 900 mbar.

History

The millibar was introduced by Sir Napier Shaw in 1909 for meteorological use. It dominated weather reporting throughout the 20th century. Since 1982, the WMO has officially recommended hectopascals instead, though both represent exactly 100 Pa.

Common mistakes

Not realizing that 1 millibar = 1 hectopascal exactly. Meteorological services have largely switched to hPa, but the numerical values are identical. Also, assuming lower millibar values mean calmer weather—lower pressure often indicates storms.

When is this conversion used?

Converting between inch of mercury and millibar is common when working across metric and imperial systems, such as international trade, travel between countries with different measurement standards, or following instructions from a different region.

Worked examples

1 inch of mercury = 33.86389 millibar

1 millibar = 100 pascal

How to convert inch of mercury to millibar

To convert inch of mercury to millibar, multiply the value by 33.86389.

To convert millibar back to inch of mercury, multiply by 0.02952998.

Measurement standards

The pascal (Pa) is the SI derived unit of pressure, defined as one newton per square metre. The World Meteorological Organization mandates the hectopascal (hPa) for atmospheric pressure reporting in aviation and weather services.

Did you know?

The pressure at the bottom of the Mariana Trench, nearly 11 km deep, exceeds 1,086 bar — over a thousand times atmospheric pressure. At this depth, water is compressed by about 5%, making it measurably denser than at the surface.

Quick reference: inch of mercury to millibar

inch of mercurymillibar
0.13.386389
0.516.931945
133.86389
267.72778
5169.31945
10338.6389
25846.59725
501,693.1945
1003,386.389
2508,465.9725
50016,931.945
1,00033,863.89

Common values

inch of mercurymillibar
Car tyre64.96595636 inch of mercury2,200 millibar
Standard atmosphere29.9212524 inch of mercury1,013.25 millibar
Blood pressure (systolic)4.72479683 inch of mercury160 millibar
Deep-sea submersible32,482.97818118 inch of mercury1,100,000 millibar
Bicycle tyre183.08587702 inch of mercury6,200 millibar